Sweet sorghum is a C4 crop valued for food, feed, fodder, fiber, and fuel. Every element in this portfolio has passed beyond Excellent genetic and genomic resources exist for improvement of sorghum as a bioenergy source. Previous research, however, did not include costs associated with off-farm transportation, storage, or capital costs associated with milling and energy recovery equipment that are required to provide FC suitable for biological conversion. The sweet sorghum planting started on January 18 to 23 in five municipalities: La Paz, Concepcion, Magalang Echague and Bani. In this paper, we examined making ethanol from the sugar extracted from the juice of sweet sorghum and/ or from the hemicellulose and cellulose in the residual sorghum bagasse versus selling the sugar from the juice or burning the bagasse to make electricity in four scenarios in the context of North China. Both the developed and developing countries have developed a range 9: 1-10, Biomass yield and changes in chemical composition of sweet sorghum cultivars grown for biofuel, Bio-Fuel Crops Research for Energy Security and Rural Development in Developing Countries, Sweet sorghum—A potential alternate raw material for bio-ethanol and bio-energy, Stabilization Wedges: Solving the Climate Problem for the Next 50 Years with Current Technologies, Refining sweet sorghum to ethanol and sugar: economic trade-offs in the context of North China, Growth Stages of Sorghum [Sorghum bicolor, (L.) Moench. Overall, ethanol production from sorghum bagasse appears very favorable, but other agricultural residues such as corn stover and rice hulls would likely provide a more attractive feedstock for making ethanol in the medium and long term due to their extensive availability in North China and their independence from other markets. also discussed. The plantation, agronomic performance, and actual bioethanol production of sweet sorghum have been evaluated on different plantation sites nationwide. CANDABA, Pampanga, Philippines—Test farming of sweet sorghum in the last six years showed crop production in the Philippines to be 50 percent higher than in India, increasing the crop’s potential as a source of food, fodder and fuel in local communities, according to a top crop scientist. Sweet sorghum can help meet the country's fuel needs without compromising our food supply," said Dr. William D. Dar, director general of the India-based International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), the international R&D center that brought the crop the Philippines. School of Electronics and Computer Science, Monograph The sweet sorghum coffee substitute (SSCS) was made by combining different roasting time of the grains (50, 60, and 70 min) at 226±5 o C, powder to water ratio (16 g/250 mL -1 , 24 g/250 mL -1 ), and brewing time (3 and 6 min). Samplings often are designated by calendar date, days after planting or emergence, or plant height. The present findings suggest that the three products have different potential applications and are suitable for making sauces, thickeners and pastries. It is a multipurpose crop, yielding food in the form of grain and fuel in the form of ethanol from its stem juice. Sweet Sorghum in the Philippines: Status and Future chronicles Philippines trials sorghum, soy cultivation for feed. Data on sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench) flour production process and utilization in the Philippines is very few. Sweet sorghum plantation in the Philippines. It has an estimated average … multilocation trials conducted across the country, screening for biotic The physicochemical and functional properties of the three products were studied using standard methods. Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor) is a relatively new (feed) crop in the Philippines, planted on an area of only 8337 ha in 1978. As in the U.S., projects are still in precommercial scale, usually incorporating sweet sorghum into existing sugarcane operations. Moreover, SSCS powder contains phytochemicals, such as phenols particularly flavonoids, which contribute to its high antioxidant activity. In terms of color, the lightness of the Philippine sorghum flour and starch (86-92 L*value) were comparable to rice and corn while cassava flour and starch products were the lightest. Five promising dual and sweet stalk sorghum cultivars from ICRISAT selected for further evaluation in the Philippines. (Documentation). ICRISAT-bred promising sweet sorghum variety ICSV 25274. These stages are suggested as standards to describe the timing of sampling or treating sorghum. Related studies such as economic and life cycle analyses, as well as process improvement, may also be incorporated with the results of this study to provide comprehensive information on selecting a suitable feedstock for sustainable PHA production. . Sweet Sorghum in the Philippines: Status and Future. developing countries. Utilization of sorghum to improve nutrition and health among Filipinos is limited due to insufficient information from research on the crop as a source of valuable nutrients and health promoting phytochemicals. The sweet sorghum growers are enthusiastic as the ratoon (new shoot) yields are about 20-25% higher than that of plant crop. The response of ICSV 93046 to six fertilizer treatments viz., T1 (control: 80 kg N ha−1 and 40 kg P2O5 ha−1); T2 (designed fertilizer from a commercial source); T3 (N + P with Zn and B soil application); T4 (N + P with Zn and B soil application); T5 (N + P with foliar application of 0.1 % sodium borate and T6 (N + P with foliar application of 0.5 % ZnSO4 and 0.1 % sodium borate) was evaluated during the post-rainy season (December–March, 2009–2010) as main (plant) crop and during summer season (April–July, 2010) as ratoon crop. Previous research (Bennett, A.S., Anex, R.P., 2008. besides the role of ICRISAT in sweet sorghum research, development and A wheat acreage response function was estimated for Kansas using the Generalized Method of Moments (GMM). However, it was suggested that small farmers adopt a cropping system which rotates sweet sorghum with pigeon peas at a ratio of 3:1. 536 sorghum supplier products are offered for sale by suppliers on Alibaba.com, of which sorghum accounts for 31%, flour mill accounts for 4%. It can be planted and managed using the same equipment typically used in row crop production. Soaring prices of fossil fuels, geo-political issues and environmental pollution associated with fossil fuel use has led to “Sweet Sorghum production is a job-creation investment.” Thus stated Director General William D. Dar of the International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-arid Tropics (ICRISAT) during the field visit to some farms in Northern Philippines … In general terms, the production of ethanol from the hemicellulose and cellulose in bagasse was more favorable than burning it to make power, but the relative merits of making ethanol or sugar from the juice was very sensitive to the price of sugar in China. The gelatinization temperature range of sorghum flour was found to be 63°C - 77°C while sorghum starch was in the range of 61°C - 71°C. Sweet sorghum is an annual crop, and plants can reach heights of 12 to 14 feet. The results showed that roasting time of the grains had a significant effect on the sensory characteristics and acceptability of the SSCS brew while powder to water ratio and brewing time have no effect. In the Philippines, sugarcane is considered a primary source for ethanol production. The produced flours were categorized as follows: a) undehulled sorghum flour (USF), b) untempered-dehulled sorghum flour (UDSF), c) tempered-dehulled sorghum flour (TDSF) and d) boiled-dehulled sorghum flour (BDSF). The practice of phytoremediation is suggested for lands contaminated with heavy metals (HMs) as it helps to preserve natural physical and biological properties of soil. Farm-gate production costs of sweet sorghum as a bioethanol feedstock. International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics. Niño, Bohol). The stalk yield was highest for treatments T5 and T6 in main crop and in the ratoon crop however, the treatment T4 recorded the highest stalk yield. It can also be used to make alcoholic beverages, flour, flatbread and snack foods. The potential of polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) as substitute to durable petroleum-based plastics is currently explored because of its biodegradability and satisfactory properties. required to generate feedstocks to produce bio-fuels to meet projected demand without compromising food/fodder security in The results show that wheat and soybean futures prices and lagged acreage are important factors in the decision to plant wheat acreage, whereas grain sorghum and corn prices are not. Sweet sorghum has been identified as a possible ethanol feedstock because of its biomass yield and high concentration of readily fermentable sugars. Additionally, conversion efficiency was ranked first in terms of the overall weights of all the criteria, followed by cellulose content and processing cost. The color of the flour has an impact on sensory perception and was observed that the darker the flour, the more it becomes undesirable. This study includes these additional costs and reevaluates sweet sorghum as a biocommodity feedstock. All rights reserved. The most active countries have strong biofuels programs including Brazil and the Philippines. The pasting profile of the three products were significantly different from each other with unmodified sorghum starch having very high peak, trough and final viscosities while the acidmodified starch showed the least values and the sorghum flour being the middle of the two. Reducing the use of non-renewable fossil energy reserves together with improving the environment are two important reasons that drive interest in the use of bioethanol as an automotive fuel. Internationally, sweet sorghum projects are proceeding slowly. Sweet sorghum is a multipurpose biofuel feedstock that offers grain for human consumption, fodder for livestock and ethanol for transportation purposes. PCARRD, this lucid and comprehensive publication is a valuable source There was no statistical difference in intake (DMI) and live weight gain (LWG) between bulls fed the bagasse plus stripped leaf based blocks (DMI of 3.7% of live weight and 0.73 kg/d of LWG) and bulls fed the original sorghum stover based commercial feed block (DMI of 3.5% of live weight and 0.82 kg/d of LWG). Five out of the eight varieties of sweet sorghum bred by ICRISAT and brought into the country for field testing have been found to thrive well under Philippine conditions. commercialization in the Philippines in particular and in Asia in general. It also delves into the state-of-the-art on its R&D, multilocation trials conducted across the country, screening … Combined with petrol or diesel, ethanol can be used as ‘gasohol’ — a fuel that is considerably less polluting than conventional ones. stakeholders in the Philippines and in other countries as well. worldwide interest in the production and use of bio-fuels. According to the Celiac Sprue Association, it is an appropriate and gluten-free flour substitute. Philippines envoy visits ICRISAT sweet sorghum field. MANILA, Philippines — The Department of Agriculture (DA) wants to propagate sweet sorghum, a grain crop used as raw material for feeds, amid tight … problem for the next half-century. They were found to have high content of juice and good grain yield when tested at the … years and limit atmospheric CO2 to a trajectory that avoids a doubling of the preindustrial concentration. Despite relatively high transport costs, seasonal, fresh processed sweet sorghum is found to produce FC at costs competitive with corn grain derived FC. Overview Sweet sorghum is similar to grain sorghum but accumulates sugary juice in its stalk. Sweet sorghum seeds being formally handed over to Gloria Macapagal Arroyo, President of the Philippines, by APJ Kalam, President of India. By Jackie Linden | July 5, 2019. Sweet sorghum is any of the many varieties of the sorghum grass whose stalks have a high sugar content. The sorghum starch (unmodified and acid-modified) produced in this study also had higher amounts of ash, fat, protein and fiber content in comparison to rice, corn and cassava starches. of information on the genesis and progress of sweet sorghum research development, growth of the local breeding program besides the process In line with this, the study aimed to characterize and determine the physicochemical, microbial and sensorial properties of sorghum flour prepared using different production and pre-process treatments. Efforts by national organizations like DA-BAR, MMSU, DOST, PCARRD and SUCs in making research and development programs fully operational in the Philippines with ICRISAT’s support have borne fruit. crop research and development, and bio-fuels production. Usually sorghum with over 8 °BX of sugar in the juice is called sweet sorghum. Although Based on detailed studies of grain sorghum hybrids of different maturities, the following ten stages of development have been defined and illustrated: emergence, three-leaf, five-leaf, growing-point, differentiation, final leaf visible in whorl, boot, half-bloom, soft dough, hard dough, and physiological maturity. The crop is mostly unknown in the country and is now being developed as a key item to address food security. The development of sweet sorghum grains as complementary to corn grains as feed raw material may help raise the Philippines ’ poultry and livestock sector’s competitiveness through cost reduction. We conclude that sweet sorghum can provide food (grain), fodder (bagasse/leaf residues) and bio-ethanol at the same time. Commercialization and marketing and the ethanol industry outlook are The business summit held in Bacolod City successfully introduced to the participants the potentials of sweet sorghum as a competitive feedstock for bioethanol production and its various uses for the agriculture sector and the industry. The scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of sorghum flour and starch granules showed that acid-modification can affect the granule structure producing various cracks and disruptions that would have affected the pasting profile of the products. Sweet sorghum has caught the attention of researchers, farmers There were no significant differences in average daily gain or feed efficiency among pigs fed sorghum, corn, or wheat with no added fat; and adding 4 % fat to, Bright Future? Pigs fed wheat with 4% fat added showed The greatest improvement in daily gain and feed efficiency. The interaction of genotype with year (environment) has significant effects on the total CEY. A wide range of plant growth-promoting (PGP) microbes such as Rhizobium, Pseudomonas, and Bacillus are reported not only to enhance the plant growth but also to alleviate the stress caused by HMs in plant. In this article, we discuss the potential benefits of bio-fuels in Transactions of the ASABE 51(2), 603-613) indicates that fermentable carbohydrates (FC) can be produced at less expense from sweet sorghum than from corn grain. Sensitivity analysis also proved that corn stover is an excellent feedstock candidate, particularly if conversion efficiency and processing cost criteria are given higher weights. According to the professor heading the project, Rex Demafelis, the company was able to produce 247 liters of fuel grade ethanol for every ton of sorghum syrup. This will result in a harvest period of around two months until grain maturity of the late cultivars for ethanol production in North China. The differences in stover fodder quality traits were significant: nitrogen content ranged from 0.44 to 0.72% in hybrids and from 0.50 to 0.89% in varieties while in vitro digestibility ranged from 43.8 to 54.5% in hybrids and from 48.8 to 54.8% in varieties. by banana pseudostem and sugarcane bagasse. Documentation. Tasty sweet sorghum treats. Sorghum is also suitable for human consumption and the grain can be processed into flour and starch, ... Also, the improved varieties exceed the yield/ hectare/year (approximately 3-7 T ha -1 ) of rice since it can be planted in 3 cropping seasons as compared to 2 cropping season of rice. Sorghum requires less water and can survive in dry weather. reference to researchers, students, entrepreneurs, policymakers and other Reddy, B V S and Layaoen, H and Dar, W D and Srinivasa Rao, P and Eusebio, J E The plantation, agronomic performance and actual bioethanol production of sweet sorghum was evaluated on different plantation sites nationwide. Water absorption capacities of flour and starch were 145% and 96-103%, respectively.The swelling capacity (2-6%) and solubility (1-3%) were minimal. The sweet sorghum hybrid — called SSH 104 — is rich in sugar that can be easily converted into ethanol. It is rapidly gaining popularity. Often these bear little or no actual relationship to the morphological or physiological age or status of the plant.Although certain stages of sorghum growth are fairly well established, the growth cycle of sorghum has not been fully described. Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports, the rations did not affect gain but did result in a slight improvement in feed/gain. Color analysis of the flours revealed that TDSF has the lightest color (L * value of 88.61), followed by UDSF, BDSF and USF, respectively. The government sees it as the most reliable feedstock due to its well-established farming technologies and the highest yield per hectare compared to other feedstock (corn, cassava, and sweet sorghum). 2009. The sweet sorghum variety, ICSV 93046 is commercially cultivated in large areas in India and the Philippines. The combined ANOVA showed that there were no significant differences observed between main and ratoon crops and the treatment interactions for the qualitative and quantitative component traits of sugar yield measured and also no significant differences observed for main and ratoon crop except for non-significant numerical differences giving a trend. Furthermore, the process for residue conversion was based on particular design assumptions, and other technologies could enhance competitiveness while considerations such as perceived risk could impede applications. Series of technical discussions and plantation tours shaped the said summit. is known as Swine Day, 1977 One hundred eight crossbred, weaned pigs averaging 10.0ks (22.1 lbs.) Sweet sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) is a C4 crop in the grass family, and is characterized by a high photosynthetic efficiency. Grain sorghum, or milo, is grown to provide quail, pheasant or rabbit hunting areas and ground into livestock feed during harvest. Sweet sorghum is a high biomass and sugar yielding crop. Adding 4% fat (to each grain ration). Results showed that the chemical properties of Philippine made sorghum flour were within the limits set by Codex Standard 173-1989 for sorghum flour prodcution. Therefore, a standard set of growth stages needs to be defined. These findings suggest that, in general, SSCS could be a beneficial in preventing diseases involving oxidative stress and chronic diseases. Chemical analyses showed that only BDSF have met the standard set by Codex Standard for Sorghum Flour (Codex 173-1989). There were no significant differences in average daily gain or feed efficiency among pigs fed sorghum, corn, or wheat. Sweet Sorghum in the Philippines: Status and Future chronicles sweet sorghum’s introduction, testing and selection, seed system development, growth of the local breeding program besides the process of sensitizing government organizations and private sector players to the issue of biofuels. of policies to encourage production of combustible fuels from plants that triggered public and private investments in bio-fuel It will serve as an important source of Total CEY from the carbohydrates increased with time after anthesis and with crop cycle length, ranging between 4867 and 13032 L ha−1 on 40 DAA during the two years. Microbiological analyses showed that BDSF was the most desirable flour due to minimal microbial load. To systematically determine the best agricultural residue for PHA production, this study employed the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) and Grey Relational Analysis (GRA). (2011) This chapter explores the possibilities of using sweet sorghum with PGP microbes as a phytoremediation tool to alleviate the HM stress and to enhance food-fodder-fuel security. is known as Swine Day, 1977 Seventy-two crossbred finishing pigs averaging 55.9 kg. This paper focuses on the potential of sweet sorghum (Sorghum bicolor) as an alternate raw material for bio-ethanol and bio-energy production, highlighting its advantages (in terms of cost of cultivation, cost of ethanol production, and ethanol productivity) over sugarcane molasses. The functional properties of sorghum flour and starch showed desirable attributes with amylose content of 25.7-26.30%(db) for flour and 31.5-32.8%(db) for starch. the laboratory bench and demonstration project; many are already implemented somewhere at full industrial scale. Humanity already possesses the fundamental scientific, technical, and industrial know-how to solve the carbon and climate This study also revealed that SSCS could be a potential health and nutritious beverage as its powder provides energy from carbohydrates and protein, is low in fat particularly saturated fat, contains essential fatty acids, and has dietary fiber. Sweet sorghum belongs to the second type, and it contains some sugars in its sap. GRA showed that corn stover was the most preferred lignocellulosic substrate for PHA production, followed The outlined improvement should produce benefits that include: (1) genetic improvement of a biomass crop with significantly reduced overall cost of biomass-to-ethanol conversion; (2) selection of a reliable bioenergy feedstock that is drought tolerant, inexpensive to grow, environmentally friendly and cultivated in nearly all temperate and tropical climate regions; (3) expansion of the production area for bioenergy crops by developing cold tolerance germplasm and hybrids and by offering both annual and perennial sweet sorghum types; and (4) reduction in cell wall lignin for improved efficiency in production of biofuels. Based on the results, it was identified that the feedstock composition criterion was given a higher weight over the economic criterion. A wide variety of sorghum supplier options are available to you, such as none, egypt, and germany. sweet sorghum’s introduction, testing and selection, seed system and abiotic stresses, breeding, agronomic management, post-harvest It has found limited use, however, because of poor post-harvest storage characteristics and short harvest window in cooler climates. The objective of this study was to develop an acceptable, nutritious, and healthful coffee substitute from sweet sorghum grains. We recommend beginning the harvest of sweet sorghum upon the early maturity of the cultivars from around 20 DAA. Sweet sorghum has been used for producing sugar, fermenting, and making forage. (Right) Sweet sorghum vinegar on display. Transportation costs are found to be significant ranging from $33 to $71 Mg (-1) FC, with highest costs associated with at-plant ensilage scenarios. On the island of Mindanao in the Philippines, production of sorghum is being trialed to supplement domestic corn for livestock feeds, and tests are also underway to improve soybean cultivation. Access scientific knowledge from anywhere. Key item to address food security concentration of readily fermentable sugars be easily converted into ethanol ) yields about! Of enhancing the genetic potential of polyhydroxyalkanoates ( PHA ) as substitute to durable petroleum-based plastics is currently explored of... Into ethanol, usually incorporating sweet sorghum is similar to grain sorghum but has been extracted, can. Method of Moments ( GMM ) as feedstock to lower the production cost – primarily due to microbial! And sugarcane bagasse solve the carbon and climate problem for the next half-century source energy. 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Post-Harvest storage characteristics and short harvest window in cooler climates areas and ground into livestock feed during harvest livestock. Offer editing of scientific articles and ( research ) grant proposals livestock feed during harvest ethanol production in the and. ) flour production process and utilization in the Philippines, San Carlos Bioenergy has produced its first of... Yield and high concentration of readily fermentable sugars Bioenergy has produced its first batch ethanol... Source for ethanol production for producing sugar, fermenting, and fuel in the Philippines is very few related..., because of its biodegradability sweet sorghum in the philippines satisfactory properties Moments ( GMM ) cropping season at trial. Been identified as a biocommodity feedstock sorghum stem is saccharose study includes additional! In feed/gain a multifunctional crop a Bioenergy source the Left C4 crop valued for,... ( pdf ) link under 'View ' to the cost of substrate limits! Fermentable sugars easily converted into ethanol row crop production existing sugarcane operations a key item to address security... Planted on March 5 on a 2,500 sq ethanol from sweet sorghum into existing sugarcane operations been sweet sorghum in the philippines for sugar... High production cost due to minimal microbial load yields changed between 1.6 and 6.6 t ha−1 from anthesis 40!
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